Carburetor for internal-combustion engines



Dec. 3l, 1929. r. ANTOINE 1,741,447

CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 2v. 192s 6 37 Z7 32 Z9 ZJ the induction pipe of the engine.

e turel with the air. The gyratory Parental Dee. 31, 1929 f 'roNY ANTOINE, or nanssnns, armaron i cazanumoa ron INTERNAL-cousus'r-ION ENGINES animation area rebruary a1, me, smal No. 91,138, and in Belgian Ima 5, 1925.

The present invention relates to-carburetors 4 for internal combustion engines, and is par- I ticularly applicable to carburetors provided with a passage throughlwhich 4the fuel is drawn into a chamber wherein it is mixed' wlth air and wherein a needle valve disposed' .in line with the axis of the said passage controls the section of the outlet orifice thereof.

The main object of the invention is to pro- 10 duce thorough mixing of the constituents of the explosive mixture b of the liquid fuel in vsucli a way as to avold incomplete combustion and deposits of drops of fuel on the walls and in the passages of For this the fue is subjecte to a gyratory movement producing eddying and whirling in the mixing chamber, thereby promoting complete atomization of the fuel and admixmovement is obtained by one or more grooves forming passages for the fuel and which may be located either in the outer surface of the needle valve or in the' inner surface or wall of. a cap or sleeve that surrounds the needle and to' which the 7 mentioned arrangement being` referred. The grooves 'are inclined relativey to'. the axis of the member wherein they are formed, and they may, with advantage', be of helicoidal shape. l A further object of the invention is to admit secondary air to travelto an emulsifying chamber in substantially the opposite direction to the fuel discharged through the outlet orifice of the fuel passage; this chamber being lwith the said orifice and the inlet ends ofthe purpose,

rooves. vThe invention also provides means whereby the admission of the secondary air and of the fuel can be controlled separately and at a distance.

According to the invention, the mixture of secondary air and fuel, on leaving the emulsifying chamber, enters kthe aforo-mentioned grooves and is subjected therein to a ratory motion which roduces, at the out et from said grooves, w 1 -ling movements in the mixing chamber where the mixture meets the main or primary air. Control of the 4fuel mw ...M

effecting diffusion'V bore 31v of which latter is secured, theirst located between and communicating.

supply may -be effected by raising or lowering the needle, while thesecondary-air supply may be regulated by the rotation of a suitably apertured ring which-.coacts with the inlet for the air.

In the accompanying drawings:'

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a carburetor embodying the invention and in which the grooves are situated in the inner wall of the cagthat surrounds the needle; l I

- ig. 2 is an enlargedsection of the device represented in Fig. 1, but showing the grooves formed in the needle; and

Fig. 3l is a view similar to Fig the addition of means for adjusting the cross- 2, but with i sectional areas ofthe inlets for the fuel and air.

In the carburetor illustrated the fuel tank 1 which contains a float 2., is connected by. a duet 44 to a fuel inlet passage 2O which is surmounted by a sleeve-like cap 23, in the axial the needle 11 isl arranged air being ladmitted at 6 the main or primar he wall or surface of this to the carburetor.

bore is formedwith helicoidal grooves 12 forv subjecting thef fuel, which must pass therethrough when it is sucked in by the engine, to

a whirling movement; and these grooves are of increasing depth from their point of origin to their u per ends where they open into the Amixing c amber 5. The said cham-` ber opens into the induction pipe which is fitted with a throttle valve 45 'for controlling the suction. The cap 23 is 'repxresented in detail in Figs. 2 and 3 in whic however, the grooves 12 formed in the wall of the bore 31 of the cap are replaced by grooves 12 formed in the surface of the rneedle.

The figures last mentioned passage 20 a stationary member 25, which part 19 is adapted tof be screwed into an opening in the bottom wall of :the'carburetor casing (see 1); the outlet orifice 21 of said passage 2deing'jmore or less closed by th' point 22 of the needle, which latter is secured to the cap 23 in some suitable manner. lThe lower portion of the cap is provided with an internal thread 24 of square section which is engaged *with a complemental .thread formed formed in the threaded part 190i' show the fuel 41o th i 2o of lateral ports 27 and 28 formed, res

externally' on the upper portion of the stationary member 25,`so that by turning the cap it will be caused to move up or down kaccording to the direction of rotation, carry- 5 ing the needle with it in itsymovement. This may be effected, for example by means of an arm32 (Fig. 2) secured to the lower part of the cap and operated by a cable 33 which leads from a pin 34 fixed to the outer end of e arm to an actuating device subsequently described; the return movement of the arm being obtained by a retractile coil spring 35 attached at one end to pin 34 and at the other end to a stationary pin 36.

To admit the supply of secondary air to ,the bore 31 of the cap and to the grooves 12 (or 12') for admixture with the fuel, passages 26 are providedin the body of the cap which communicate with the outside by way ectively, in the cap and in a ring 29 encirc ing the same. The ring can be turned relatively to the cap so as to vary the extent of registration of said ports and, hence, the quantit of air admitted. The passages 26 open at t eir lower ends into an emulsifying chamber 3Q, which is located int mediate the fuel passage 20 andthe lowe ends of the grooves 12 (or 12') and the cap bore 31 and is in open 30 communication with the same. Due to this arrangement, the secondary air admitted through ports 28 and 27 and passages 26 will 'pass into chamber 30, where it will meet thefuel entering said chamber through passage 20 and its outlet orifice 21, with the result that an emulsifying action will take 'place in the chamber, the emulsion then entering and passing through the grooves wherein it un- -dergoes a preliminary or artial atomization which is completed in t e mixing chamber 5 by the main or primary air.

The device for actuating the cable 33 may comprise, as shown in Fig. 2, a rotary shaft or handle 37 provided with a worm 38 which meshes with and rotates a worm Wheel 39. Thiswh'eel 39 is'equipped with a pointer/10 for cooperation with a scale or dial 41 having graduations 42 marked on it, and to said wheel there is rigidly connected a drum 43 whereto the cable is fastened, so'that the rotation of shaft 37 and consequent turning of the drum'will act togwind upy the cable, with the result that the larm 32 is actuated and, in turn, actuates the cap 23; the pointer indicating on the scale the extent of such actuation.

The invention, as described above and as.

hereinafter claimed, is not limited to the parvticular type of carburetor illustrated but is applicable in general to all vertical or hori- `zontal carburetors provided with a passage or orifice for supplying'fuel to a mixing or 'carbureting chamber. The construction and v mounting of the needle valve and the acces- .65 sibility of the controlling members according to the particular shape and 'arrangement of the component elements of the carburetor do not involve any difficulty in practice and may be varied, from a purely constructional view, without departing from the scope of the invention. l

. 1. In a carburetor, a fuel reservoir; a fuel passage in communication therewith and opening into a mixing chamber; a movable needle valve disposed in line with the axis of the fuel `passage at the outlet thereof and projecting at its point into the outletorifice thereofl to adjust the effective cross-sectional area of said orifice; said needle bei-ng provided on its outer surface with a groove which extends from its point along its len th for a considerabledistance andwhichisinc inedrelatively to the axis of the needle, such groove having a cross-section of sufficient depth to give passage to the fuel drawn throu h the surface with inclined .grooves which extend y from its point along its length for a considerable distance and which have a crosssection of sufficient depth to give passage to the fuel drawn through the aforesaid outlet orifice; an emulsifying chamber intermediate said orifice and the inlet end of the grooves and into which the former opens; and means for admitting secondary air to travel to the emulsifying chamber in substantially the opposite direction vto the fuel dischargedthrough the fuel orifice.

' 3. In a carburetor, a fuel reservoir; a fuel passage in communication therewith; a movable needle valve disposed in line with the axis of the fuel passage and projecting at its point into the adjust `the effective cross-sectional area of said orifice; said needle being provided on its outer surface with inclined grooves which extend from its point along its length for a considerable distance 'and which have a crosssection of sufficient depth to give passage to the fuel drawn through the aforesaid outlet outlet orifice thereof toorifice; an emulsiying chamber intermediate said orifice and the inlet end of the grooves and into which the former opens means' for admitting secondary air to travel/'to the emulsifyingchamber in substantially' the opposlte direction to the fuel discharged through the fuel orifice; and se arate means for adjusting the. needle and t e secondary through air supply means to control the delivery of the fuel and air to said chamber.

4. In a carburetor, a fuel reservoir; a fuel passage in communication therewith; a movable needle valve disposed in line with the axis of thejfuel passage and projecting atits point into the outlet orifice thereof to adjust the effective cross-sectional area of said orifice; .said needle being provided on its outer surface with inclined grooves which extend from its point along its length for a considerable distance and which have a crossdirection to the fuel discharged through the fuel orifice; and separate means for adjusting the needle and the secondary air supply means torontrol the delivery of the fuel and air to said chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature. TONY ANTOINE.

section of sufficient depth to give passage to the fuel drawn through the aforesaid outlet orifice; a rotatable sleeve-cap throu h which the needle extends axially and to w ich itis secured, an emulsifying chamber intermediate the outlet orifice and the inlet ends ofthe grooves and communicating with the same; means to rotate said cap and thereby adjust the needle; and means for admitting secondary air to travel to the emulsifying chamber in substantially the opposite direction to the fuel discharged through the fuel orifice. j

5. In a carburetor, a fuel reservoir; a fuel passage in communication therewith; a mova ble needle valve disposed in line with the axis of the fuel passage at the outlet thereof and projecting at its point into the outlet orifice thereof to adjust the effective cross-sectional area of said orifice; a rotatable sleeve-cap surrounding the needle and to which the latter is secured, said cap and needle constituting companion elements one of which is formed with inclined surface grooves of considerable extent having a cross-section of sufficient depth to give passage to the fuel drawn through the aforesaid outlet orifice; an emulsifying chamber intermediate said orifice and the inlet ends of the grooves and communicating with the same; and means for admitting secondary air to travel to the emulsifying chamber in substantially the opposite direction to the fuel discharged the fuel orifice.

6. In a carburetor, a fuel reservoir; a fuel passage in communication therewith; a movable needle valve disposed in line with the axis of the fuel passage at the outlet thereof and projecting at its point into the outlet orifice thereof to adjust the effective cross-sectional area of said orifice; a rotatable sleeve-cap surrounding the needle and to which the latter is secured, said cap and needle constituting companion elements one of which -is formed with" inclined surface grooves of considerable extent having a cross-section of sufficient depth to give passage to the fuel drawn through the aforesaid outlet orifice' an emulsifying chamber intermediate said orifice and the inlet ends of the grooves and communicating with the same; means for admitting secondary air fying chamber in substantially the opposite to travel to the emulsi- 4 

